Intervensi Pencegahan Hipertensi Berbasis Masyarakat dengan Metode Delbecq di Dusun Nipah Timur

Abstract

Hypertension is a significant public health concern both in Indonesia and globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, coronary heart disease, and kidney failure, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality rates. The condition is influenced not only by genetic factors but also strongly affected by lifestyle and environmental factors. High salt intake, low fiber consumption, smoking habits, physical inactivity, and stress are dominant contributors to hypertension incidence in communities. This community service aimed to educate residents of Nipah Timur on healthy dietary patterns and simple physical activities to mitigate hypertension risks. The Delbecq method was utilized for diagnosis, collecting data through direct observation and structured questionnaires. Subsequently, interventions were conducted using promotive and preventive approaches involving 65 community members. Educational activities included using calendars that provided information on dietary habits and physical exercise routines to boost activity levels. The intervention also emphasized the importance of good sanitation and early disease detection through ongoing education. Findings indicated that hypertension in the Nipah Timur tourist hamlet primarily results from non-medical factors such as poor dietary habits and insufficient physical activity, which contribute to long-term elevated blood pressure. This study highlights the value of community-based health education using accessible media to foster behavioral changes aimed at preventing and controlling hypertension.